*Job openings: PhD studentship in Formal Linguistics*Duration : 36 months Beginning : Fall 2023 (ideally October 2023) Place : ATILF, From syntax to discourse axis (Nancy) and Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (Paris) Salary (net) : approx. 1750 euros per month

*Thesis supervisors* : Mathilde Dargnat (Université de Lorraine and ATILF-CNRS, http://mathilde.dargnat.free.fr/), Jonathan Ginzburg (Labratoire de Linguistique Formelle, Université Paris-Cité, https://sites.google.com/site/jonathanginzburgswebsite/home)

*Prerequisites : * Ÿ —Masters in Linguistics, Cognitive Science, or NLP. Ÿ —Excellent command of French. Ÿ —A solid background in formal or/and computational semantics would be advantageous.

*To Apply: *

1. CV of at most 2 pages, 2. Transcripts for Masters and BSc/BA degrees 3. A letter of motivation . 4. The Masters thesis (or a draft thereof) and/or any submitted/accepted publications 5. Contact details for one or two referees.

Ÿ Applications should be sent to: mathilde.dargnat at univ-lorraine.fr mathilde.dargnat@univ-lorraine.frand yonatan.ginzburg at u-paris.fr yonatan.ginzburg@u-paris.fr

Ÿ Deadline: *25 June, 2023*

Ÿ

*CODIM project short description* https://www.codim-project.org/

The CODIM project is funded by the A(gence) N(ationale) de la R(echerche). It focuses on two important linguistic resources that contribute to structuring monologues or conversations in human languages : D(iscourse) M(arkers) (therefore/donc, well/ben,bon etc. in English/French) and prosody (in particular, intonation). It will evaluate their status with respect to two major views on how complex meanings emerge: compositionality (the possibility of combining meaningful expressions into more complex meaningful expressions) and pattern- or construction-based approaches (the idea that language users exploit partly ‘frozen’ strings of words). We will compare the semantic and prosodic properties of simple and complex French DM (e.g. ah + bon) found in corpora for written and spoken French, using a variety of technical tools for DM identification (category-driven text mining), clustering (statistics and Machine Learning) and research in formal semantics and prosody (duration and intensity measures, contour representation). The project aims at fostering collaboration between linguists and computer scientists.

Dissertation Topic: French discourse markers and compositionality

The dissertation will focus on providing a semantic and pragmatic characterization of a class of DM combinations. This involves issues including the following: 1. When the DMs are in a markedly frequent combination and are intuitively close, accounting for the fact that their combination is not perceived to be redundant (e.g., donc du coup, alors donc, mais pourtant, mais quand même, et alors, donc voilà,). 2. When the DMs are intuitively quite distinctive, are they just complementary, which suggests that they introduce unconnected discourse relations/speaker manifestations? Or is another type of analysis needed? 3. Is the combination compositional? Addressing this question requires discussing and possibly elaborating on existing compositional techniques. For instance, current formal approaches in semantics are functional in an elementary mathematical sense: functions apply to arguments (which can themselves be functions) to deliver ‘interpretations’. Can one reduce the observed combinations to this type of mechanism? Also, in cases where such a reduction is possible, to what extent can it predict or motivate the strength of association between the DMs which cluster into the combination? Why is this particular association more frequent than others? Does it correspond, for example, to specific discourse moves which play a prominent role in interactions? 4. Are there cases of repulsion (DMs which do not occur together)? How come?

Selected References

Cooper, R. From Perception to Communication: A Theory of Types for Action and Meaning. Oxford University Press, 2023. Couper-Kuhlen, E. & Kortmann, B. (Eds.). 2000. Cause-Condition-Concession-Contrast. Cognitive and Discourse Perspectives. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. Crible, L. & Degand, L. 2019. Domains and Functions : A Two-Dimensional Account of Discourse Markers. Discours 24 (online), 35 p. Crible, L. & Degand, L. 2021. Co-occurrence and ordering of discourse markers in sequences: A multifactorial study in spoken French. Journal of Pragmatics 177, 18-28. Dargnat, M. 2020. Subjectivité et projection : le cas des particules discursives. In Actes du 7e Congrès Mondial de Linguistique Française, Montpellier, SHS Web of Conference 778, IDP Sciences. Dargnat, M. 2022. “Mais enfin”: construction et association. Langages 225, 49-63. Degand, L., Cornillie, B. & P. Pietrandrea (Eds.). 2013. Discourse Markers and Modal Particles. Categorization and Description. Amsterdam: Benjamins. Dostie G. 2004. Pragmaticalisation et marqueurs discursifs. Analyse sémantique et traitement lexicographique. Liège : De Boeck/Duculot. Ginzburg, J. (2012). The Interactive Stance. Meaning for Conversation. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Tian, Y. & Ginzburg, J. 2016. No I am: What are you saying “no” to? In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 21, 1241-1252. Haselow, A. 2019. Discourse marker sequences: Insights into the serial order of communicative tasks in real-time turn production. Journal of Pragmatics 146, 1-18. Haselow, A. & S. Hancil (Eds.). 2021. Studies at the Grammar-Discourse Interface. Discourse markers and discourse-related grammatical phenomena. Amsterdam: Benjamins. Heine, B., Kaltenböck, G., Kuteva, T. & H. Long (Eds.). 2021. The Rise of Discourse Markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Mosegaard Hansen, M.-B. 1998. The Function of Discourse Particles. Amsterdam: Benjamins.